Add changes related to c implementation, printf
This commit is contained in:
Allen
68
Makefile
Normal file
68
Makefile
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
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ASM=nasm
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CC=gcc
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CC16=/opt/watcom/binl/wcc
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LD16=/opt/watcom/binl/wlink
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BUILD_DIR=build
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SRC_DIR=src
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TOOLS_DIR=tools
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.PHONY: all floppy_image kernel bootloader clean always tools_fat
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all: floppy_image tools_fat
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#
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# Floppy Image
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#
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floppy_image: $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img
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$(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img: bootloader kernel
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dd if=/dev/zero of=$(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img bs=512 count=2880
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mkfs.fat -F 12 -n "chaOS" $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img
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dd if=${BUILD_DIR}/stage1.bin of=${BUILD_DIR}/main_floppy.img conv=notrunc
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mcopy -i $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin "::stage2.bin"
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mcopy -i $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin "::kernel.bin"
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mcopy -i $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img test.txt "::test.txt"
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#
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# Bootloader
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#
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bootloader: stage1 stage2
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stage1: $(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin
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$(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin: always
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$(MAKE) -C $(SRC_DIR)/bootloader/stage1 BUILD_DIR=$(abspath $(BUILD_DIR))
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stage2: $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin
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$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin: always
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$(MAKE) -C $(SRC_DIR)/bootloader/stage2 BUILD_DIR=$(abspath $(BUILD_DIR))
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#
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# Kernel
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#
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kernel: $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin
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$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin: always
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$(MAKE) -C $(SRC_DIR)/kernel BUILD_DIR=$(abspath $(BUILD_DIR))
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#
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# Tools
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#
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tools_fat: $(BUILD_DIR)/tools/fat
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$(BUILD_DIR)/tools/fat: always $(TOOLS_DIR)/fat/fat.c
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mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)/tools
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$(CC) $(TOOLS_DIR)/fat/fat.c -g -o $(BUILD_DIR)/tools/fat
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always:
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mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
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#
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# Clean
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#
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clean:
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$(MAKE) -C $(SRC_DIR)/bootloader/stage1 BUILD_DIR=$(abspath $(BUILD_DIR)) clean
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$(MAKE) -C $(SRC_DIR)/bootloader/stage2 BUILD_DIR=$(abspath $(BUILD_DIR)) clean
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$(MAKE) -C $(SRC_DIR)/kernel BUILD_DIR=$(abspath $(BUILD_DIR)) clean
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rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)/*
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7
bochs_config
Normal file
7
bochs_config
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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megs: 128
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romimage: file=/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest, address=0xfffe0000
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vgaromimage: file=/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest
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floppya: 1_44=build/main_floppy.img, status=inserted
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boot: floppy
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mouse: enabled=0
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display_library: sdl, options="gui_debug"
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14
src/bootloader/stage1/Makefile
Normal file
14
src/bootloader/stage1/Makefile
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
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BUILD_DIR?=build/
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ASM?=nasm
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.PHONY: all clean
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all: stage1
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stage1: $(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin
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$(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin:
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$(ASM) boot.asm -f bin -o $(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin
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clean:
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rm -f $(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin
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368
src/bootloader/stage1/boot.asm
Normal file
368
src/bootloader/stage1/boot.asm
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
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org 0x7C00 ; BIOS loads at 0x7C00 always - set origin (offset)
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bits 16 ; emit 16-bit code
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%define ENDL 0X0D, 0xA ; CRLF
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;
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; FAT-12 Header
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;
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jmp short start
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nop ; 3 byte padding
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bdm_oem: db 'MSWIN4.1' ; OEM string as Windows 4.1 for max compatibility
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bdb_bytes_per_sector: dw 512
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bdb_sectors_per_cluster: db 1
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bdb_reserved_sectors: dw 1
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bdb_fat_count: db 2
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bdb_dir_entries_count: dw 0E0h
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bdb_total_sectors: dw 2880 ; 2880 * 512 = 1.44MB
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bdb_media_descriptor_type: db 0F0h ; 3.5" Floppy
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bdb_sectors_per_fat: dw 9
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bdb_sectors_per_track: dw 18
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bdb_heads: dw 2
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bdb_hidden_sectors: dd 0
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bdb_large_sector_count: dd 0
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; extended boot record
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ebr_drive_number: db 0 ; 0x00 for floppy, 0x80 for hard drive
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db 0 ; reserved
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ebr_signature: db 29h ; extended boot record signature
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ebr_volume_id: db 53h, 28h, 14h, 76h ; volume serial number (can be any number)
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ebr_volume_label: db 'chaOS ' ; volume label (11 bytes)
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db 'FAT12 ' ; file system type (8 bytes)
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start:
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mov ax, 0 ; write to register ax
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mov ds, ax ; set data segment to 0
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mov es, ax ; set extra segment to 0
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; setup stack
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mov ss, ax ; set stack segment to 0
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mov sp, 0x7C00 ; set stack pointer to 0x7C00
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; BIOS offset fix
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push es
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push word .after
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retf
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.after:
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; read from floppy disk
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; BIOS should set DL to drive number
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mov [ebr_drive_number], dl ; set drive number in ebr
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; print message
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mov si, msg_load
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call puts
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; read drive params on BOOT rather than rely on data from DISK
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push es
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mov ah, 08h
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int 13h
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jc floppy_error
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pop es
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and cl, 0x3F ; mask out high bits
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xor ch, ch
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mov [bdb_sectors_per_track], cx ; set sector count
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inc dh
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mov [bdb_heads], dh ; set head count
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; compute LBA of FAT root directory
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mov ax, [bdb_sectors_per_fat] ; read FAT sectors
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mov bl, [bdb_fat_count]
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xor bh, bh
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mul bx ; ax = (FAT sectors * FAT count)
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add ax, [bdb_reserved_sectors] ; ax = LBA address of FAT root directory
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push ax
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; compute root directory size (number of sectors * 32) / bytes per sector
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mov ax, [bdb_dir_entries_count]
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shl ax, 5 ; ax = FAT sectors * 32
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xor dx, dx
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div word [bdb_bytes_per_sector] ; sectors need to be read
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test dx, dx ; check if dx not 0, add 1
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jz .root_dir_after
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inc ax ; add 1 to ax
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; partially full sector
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.root_dir_after:
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; read root directory
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mov cl, al ; number of sectors to read (root directory size)
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pop ax
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mov dl, [ebr_drive_number] ; drive number
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mov bx, buffer ; buffer address
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call disk_read
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; search for kernel file
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xor bx, bx
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mov di, buffer
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.search_kernel:
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mov si, file_stage2_bin ; kernel file name
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mov cx, 11 ; compare 11 bytes
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push di
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repe cmpsb ; compare string
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pop di
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je .kernel_found
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add di, 32 ; move to next entry
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inc bx
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cmp bx, [bdb_dir_entries_count]
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jl .search_kernel
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; kernel not found
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jmp kernel_not_found_error
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.kernel_found:
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; di points to kernel file entry
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mov ax, [di + 26] ; LBA address of kernel file (offset 26)
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mov [stage2_cluster], ax
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; load FAT from disk into memory
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mov ax, [bdb_reserved_sectors] ; LBA address of FAT root directory
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mov bx, buffer ; buffer address
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mov cl, [bdb_sectors_per_fat] ; number of sectors to read
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mov dl, [ebr_drive_number] ; drive number
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call disk_read
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; read kernel and process FAT chain
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mov bx, KERNEL_LOAD_SEGMENT
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mov es, bx
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mov bx, KERNEL_LOAD_OFFSET
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.load_kernel_loop:
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; Read next cluster
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mov ax, [stage2_cluster]
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add ax, 31 ; first cluster = (stage2_cluster - 2) * sectors per cluster + start sector
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; start sector = rserved + fats + root dir size = 1 + 18 + 134 = 33
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mov cl, 1
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mov dl, [ebr_drive_number]
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call disk_read
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add bx, [bdb_bytes_per_sector]
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; get location of next cluster
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mov ax, [stage2_cluster]
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mov cx, 3
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mul cx
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mov cx, 2
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div cx ; ax = index of FAT entry, dx = cluster % 2
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mov si, buffer
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add si, ax
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mov ax, [ds:si] ; read FAT entry at index ax
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or dx, dx
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jz .even
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.odd:
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shr ax, 4 ; shift right 4 bits
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jmp .next_cluster
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.even:
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and ax, 0x0FFF ; mask out low 4 bits
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.next_cluster:
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cmp ax, 0x0FF8 ; check if last cluster
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jae .read_finish
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mov [stage2_cluster], ax
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jmp .load_kernel_loop
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.read_finish:
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; jump to kernel
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mov dl, [ebr_drive_number] ; boot device in dl
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; set segment registers
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mov ax, KERNEL_LOAD_SEGMENT ; set segment registers
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mov ds, ax
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mov es, ax
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jmp KERNEL_LOAD_SEGMENT:KERNEL_LOAD_OFFSET
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jmp wait_key_reboot ; should never reach here
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cli ; disable interrupts
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hlt
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;
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; Error handling
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;
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floppy_error:
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mov si, msg_read_failed
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call puts
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jmp wait_key_reboot
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kernel_not_found_error:
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mov si, msg_stage2_not_found
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call puts
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jmp wait_key_reboot
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wait_key_reboot:
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mov ah, 0
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int 16h ; wait for key press
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jmp 0FFFFh:0 ; reboot
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.halt:
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cli ; disable interrupts
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hlt
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; Prints string to screen
|
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; Params:
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; ds:si - pointer to string
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puts:
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push si
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push ax
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push bx
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|
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.loop:
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lodsb ; load byte from ds:si into al, increment si
|
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or al, al ; set zero flag if al is 0
|
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jz .done ; jump to done if al is 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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mov ah , 0x0E ; enter tty mode
|
||||||
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mov bh, 0 ; page number
|
||||||
|
int 0x10 ; call BIOS interrupt
|
||||||
|
jmp .loop ; jump back to loop
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.done:
|
||||||
|
pop bx
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|
pop ax
|
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|
pop si
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|
ret
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
;
|
||||||
|
; Disk routines
|
||||||
|
;
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
;
|
||||||
|
; Converts LBA addr to CHS addr
|
||||||
|
; Params:
|
||||||
|
; - ax: LBA address
|
||||||
|
; Returns:
|
||||||
|
; - cx: [0-5]: sector number
|
||||||
|
; - cx: [6-15]: cylinder
|
||||||
|
; - dh: head
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
lba_to_chs:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
push ax
|
||||||
|
push dx
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
xor dx, dx ; set dx to 0
|
||||||
|
div word [bdb_sectors_per_track] ; ax => LBA / SectorsPerTrack
|
||||||
|
; dx => LBA % SectorsPerTrack
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inc dx ; dx = (LBA % SectorsPerTrack) + 1 (sector number)
|
||||||
|
mov cx, dx ; cx = sector number
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
xor dx, dx ; dx = 0
|
||||||
|
div word [bdb_heads] ; ax => (LBA / SectorsPerTrack) / Heads (cylinder)
|
||||||
|
; dx => (LBA / SectorsPerTrack) % Heads (head)
|
||||||
|
mov dh, dl ; dh = head
|
||||||
|
mov ch, al ; ch = cylinder lower 8 bits
|
||||||
|
shl ah, 6 ; shift ah 6 bits to the left
|
||||||
|
or cl, ah ; cl = cylinder upper 2 bits
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
pop ax
|
||||||
|
mov dl, al ; restore dl and al
|
||||||
|
pop ax
|
||||||
|
ret
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
;
|
||||||
|
; Reads sectors from a disk
|
||||||
|
; Parameters:
|
||||||
|
; - ax: LBA address
|
||||||
|
; - cl: number of sectors to read
|
||||||
|
; - dl: drive number
|
||||||
|
; - es:bx: buffer to read sectors into
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
disk_read:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
push ax ; save registers
|
||||||
|
push bx
|
||||||
|
push cx
|
||||||
|
push dx
|
||||||
|
push di
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
push cx ; temporarily save cl
|
||||||
|
call lba_to_chs ; convert LBA to CHS
|
||||||
|
pop ax ; AL = number of sectors to read
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
mov ah, 02h ; read sectors
|
||||||
|
mov di, 3 ; number of retries
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.retry:
|
||||||
|
pusha ; save registers
|
||||||
|
stc ; set carry flag
|
||||||
|
int 13h ; call BIOS interrupt
|
||||||
|
jnc .done
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
; read failed
|
||||||
|
popa
|
||||||
|
call disk_reset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
dec di
|
||||||
|
test di, di
|
||||||
|
jnz .retry
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.fail:
|
||||||
|
; attempts exhausted
|
||||||
|
jmp floppy_error
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.done:
|
||||||
|
popa ; restore registers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
pop di ; save registers
|
||||||
|
pop dx
|
||||||
|
pop cx
|
||||||
|
pop bx
|
||||||
|
pop ax
|
||||||
|
ret
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
;
|
||||||
|
; Resets disk controller
|
||||||
|
; Parameters:
|
||||||
|
; - dl: drive number
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
disk_reset:
|
||||||
|
pusha
|
||||||
|
mov ah, 0
|
||||||
|
stc
|
||||||
|
int 13h
|
||||||
|
jc floppy_error
|
||||||
|
popa
|
||||||
|
ret
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
msg_load: db 'Load ~chaOS', ENDL, 0
|
||||||
|
msg_read_failed: db 'Read from disk failed!', ENDL, 0
|
||||||
|
msg_stage2_not_found: db 'STAGE2.BIN file not found!', ENDL, 0
|
||||||
|
file_stage2_bin: db 'STAGE2 BIN'
|
||||||
|
stage2_cluster: dw 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
KERNEL_LOAD_SEGMENT: equ 0x2000
|
||||||
|
KERNEL_LOAD_OFFSET: equ 0x0000
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
times 510-($-$$) db 0 ; pad the rest of the sector with 0s
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
dw 0AA55h
|
||||||
|
; db 0x55, 0xAA ; boot sector signature
|
||||||
|
; dw 0xAA55 ; boot sector signature (using word)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
buffer:
|
||||||
33
src/bootloader/stage2/Makefile
Normal file
33
src/bootloader/stage2/Makefile
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
|||||||
|
BUILD_DIR?=build/
|
||||||
|
ASM?=nasm
|
||||||
|
ASMFLAGS?=-f obj
|
||||||
|
CC16?=/opt/watcom/binl/wcc
|
||||||
|
CFLAGS16?=-4 -d3 -s -wx -ms -zl -zq
|
||||||
|
LD16?=/opt/watcom/binl/wlink
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SOURCES_C=$(wildcard *.c)
|
||||||
|
SOURCES_ASM=$(wildcard *.asm)
|
||||||
|
OBJECTS_C=$(patsubst %.c, $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/c/%.obj, $(SOURCES_C))
|
||||||
|
OBJECTS_ASM=$(patsubst %.asm, $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/asm/%.obj, $(SOURCES_ASM))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.PHONY: all stage2 clean always
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
all: stage2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
stage2: $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin: $(OBJECTS_ASM) $(OBJECTS_C)
|
||||||
|
$(LD16) NAME $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin FILE \{ $(OBJECTS_ASM) $(OBJECTS_C) \} OPTION MAP=$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.map @linker.lnk
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/c/%.obj: %.c always
|
||||||
|
$(CC16) $(CFLAGS16) -fo=$@ $<
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/asm/%.obj: %.asm always
|
||||||
|
$(ASM) $(ASMFLAGS) -o $@ $<
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
always:
|
||||||
|
mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/c
|
||||||
|
mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/asm
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
clean:
|
||||||
|
rm -f $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin
|
||||||
12
src/bootloader/stage2/linker.lnk
Normal file
12
src/bootloader/stage2/linker.lnk
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
|
|||||||
|
FORMAT RAW BIN
|
||||||
|
OPTION QUIET,
|
||||||
|
NODEFAULTLIBS,
|
||||||
|
START=entry,
|
||||||
|
VERBOSE,
|
||||||
|
OFFSET=0,
|
||||||
|
STACK=0x200
|
||||||
|
ORDER
|
||||||
|
CLNAME CODE
|
||||||
|
SEGMENT _ENTRY
|
||||||
|
SEGMENT _TEXT
|
||||||
|
CLNAME DATA
|
||||||
22
src/bootloader/stage2/main.asm
Normal file
22
src/bootloader/stage2/main.asm
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||||||
|
bits 16
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
section _ENTRY class=CODE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
extern _cstart_
|
||||||
|
global entry
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
entry:
|
||||||
|
cli
|
||||||
|
mov ax, ds
|
||||||
|
mov ss, ax
|
||||||
|
mov sp, 0
|
||||||
|
mov bp, sp
|
||||||
|
sti
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
; boot drive in dl, send as arg to cstart fn
|
||||||
|
xor dh, dh
|
||||||
|
push dx
|
||||||
|
call _cstart_
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
cli
|
||||||
|
hlt
|
||||||
5
src/bootloader/stage2/main.c
Normal file
5
src/bootloader/stage2/main.c
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
|
#include "stdint.h"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void _cdecl cstart_(uint16_t bootDrive) {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
3
src/bootloader/stage2/main.err
Normal file
3
src/bootloader/stage2/main.err
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|||||||
|
stdint.h(10): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file
|
||||||
|
main.c(5): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file
|
||||||
|
main.c(3): Warning! W303: Parameter 'bootDrive' has been defined, but not referenced
|
||||||
10
src/bootloader/stage2/stdint.h
Normal file
10
src/bootloader/stage2/stdint.h
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
|||||||
|
#pragma once
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
typedef signed char int8_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef unsigned short uint8_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef signed short int16_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef signed long int int32_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef unsigned long int uint32_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef signed long long int int64_t;
|
||||||
|
typedef unsigned long long int uint64_t;
|
||||||
6
src/bootloader/stage2/x86.asm
Normal file
6
src/bootloader/stage2/x86.asm
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
|
bits 16
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
section _TEXT class=CODE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
global _x86_Video_WriteCharTeletype
|
||||||
|
_x86_Video_WriteCharTeletype:
|
||||||
14
src/kernel/Makefile
Normal file
14
src/kernel/Makefile
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||||||
|
BUILD_DIR?=build/
|
||||||
|
ASM?=nasm
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.PHONY: all kernel clean
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
all: kernel
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
kernel: $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin:
|
||||||
|
$(ASM) kernel.asm -f bin -o $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
clean:
|
||||||
|
rm -f $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin
|
||||||
43
src/kernel/kernel.asm
Normal file
43
src/kernel/kernel.asm
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
|||||||
|
org 0x0 ; kernel loaded with 0 offset
|
||||||
|
bits 16 ; emit 16-bit code
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
%define ENDL 0X0D, 0xA ; CRLF
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
start:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
; print message
|
||||||
|
mov si, msg_hello ; set si to point to msg_hello
|
||||||
|
call puts ; call puts with si
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.halt:
|
||||||
|
cli
|
||||||
|
hlt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
; Prints string to screen
|
||||||
|
; Params:
|
||||||
|
; ds:si - pointer to string
|
||||||
|
puts:
|
||||||
|
push si
|
||||||
|
push ax
|
||||||
|
push bx
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.loop:
|
||||||
|
lodsb ; load byte from ds:si into al, increment si
|
||||||
|
or al, al ; set zero flag if al is 0
|
||||||
|
jz .done ; jump to done if al is 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
mov ah , 0x0E ; enter tty mode
|
||||||
|
mov bh, 0 ; page number
|
||||||
|
int 0x10 ; call BIOS interrupt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
jmp .loop ; jump back to loop
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.done:
|
||||||
|
pop bx
|
||||||
|
pop ax
|
||||||
|
pop si
|
||||||
|
ret
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
msg_hello: db 'Hello from chaOS!', ENDL, 0
|
||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user